Journal for Health Sciences

Magyar

2025-03-24T10:58:34+01:00

Background: In recent years, home office has become an increasingly widespread form of employment, however, less is known about its impact on mental health. Therefore, the aim was to explore the effect of home office on perceived stress, sleep quality, depression and anxiety during COVID-19.

Methods: The study involved 154 participants divided into two groups based on their work setting before completing the survey. The home office group included 83 individuals (mean age: 38.82 years, SD = ± 5.68; 60 women/23 men), while the onsite work group consisted of 71 individuals (mean age: 40.44 years, SD = ± 5.75; 47 women/24 men). Participants completed online questionnaires measuring perceived stress, subjective sleep quality, depression, and anxiety levels.

Results: Participants working remotely reported higher levels of perceived stress at a trend level (p = 0.056) compared to those working onsite. Remote workers also reported significantly poorer sleep quality, including subjective sleep quality and sleep latency (p = 0.018). No significant differences were found between the groups regarding depression (p = 0.250), state anxiety (p = 0.178), or trait anxiety (p = 0.264). However, subjective sleep quality was associated with levels of depression and anxiety (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: home office might also have negative impact such as higher level of perceived stress and lower sleep quality.

Health experiences of families with children with autism during the pandemic

2025-01-20T14:28:19+01:00

Summary: People with autism spectrum disorders may have had difficulty understanding the changes that occurred during the pandemic due to their symptomatic characteristics, changes in daily routines, and barriers to accessing healthcare. A quantitative cross-sectional questionnaire survey aimed to explore the burden on families. The results showed an increase in the emergence of symptoms and challenging behaviors. Using adaptive care responsive to the individual and the condition's characteristics was difficult at several points. The results point to shortcomings in the adaptive capacity of the healthcare system, but the changes brought about by the epidemic should also be considered when assessing the results.

The relationship of the National Public Health Program with the principles of health promotion.

2025-05-19T10:44:49+02:00

In September last year, it was announced that the National Public Health Program had been completed, which sets out the national public health strategy for the next decade (2023-2033). The Draft Programme focuses on a preventive approach and its main objective is to increase the number of healthy years of life of the Hungarian population, an area where Hungary lags behind the European Union average. This gap is clearly reflected in Hungarian demographic data. To overcome this disadvantage and to achieve the objectives of improving the health status of the population, it is essential that health promotion is a key element of the Programme, as lifestyle is the most important determinant of health. The health behaviour of the Hungarian population needs to be shaped, and this requires continuously accessible, effective and sustainable health promotion activities. In this overview study, we show that the findings of the three core documents on health promotion, which are still valid today, are also strongly present in the Programme.

EXAMINATION OF CHILDREN BORN WITH MENINGOMYELOCELE AGE 8-18 AND COMPARISON OF THEIR QUALITY OF LIFE WITH HEALTHY CHILDREN OF SIMILAR AGE AND CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

2025-04-14T08:58:25+02:00

Introduction

The aim of our study was to investigate the nutritional status, motor function, comorbidities and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of meningomyelocele (MMC) patients. Health-related quality of life data were compared with the general population (GP) and two other neurological diseases: cerebral palsy (CP) and epilepsy (E).

Materials and methods

A total of 86 children with MMC, 99 with CP and 144 with epilepsy and their families, as well as 237 families of control children, i.e. children aged 8-18 years without chronic diseases, were contacted in person or by mail. The return rate of the questionnaires was 75.4%. We used the KIDSCREEN- 52 quality of life questionnaires and collected data on physical parameters, comorbidities, motor function and social parameters.

Results

MMC was mostly located in the lumbosacral region. The most common comorbidities were incontinence (63.95%) and hydrocephalus internus (40.70%). Paraparesis was variable, with half of the patients moving without assistance or with little assistance.

There was no statistically significant difference between the opinions of children with MMC and their parents in the factors that the parent knows well. Younger children reported a better quality of life than adolescents. We found that MMC, like the other two major neurological diseases, significantly affects quality of life.We found that in the case of MMC, their quality of life was similar to CP, but their assessment was more positive.

Conclusion

The results of our study provided information on the self-assessed HRQoL of children and adolescents. Their HRQoL level was lower than that of healthy controls. This means that disability is not only a medical problem, but also a sociological one. Disabled patients need special help to maintain their self-esteem. Different levels of interventions can be applied, such as developing social networks, providing psychological support, environmental, cultural and social policy. measures.

What influences the body composition of patients with cerebral palsy?

2025-05-22T18:19:32+02:00

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the nutritional status of children with cerebral palsy, taking into account the disease characteristics and sociodemographic indicators.

Methods:We included 99 families raising children with cerebral palsy in the study. 237 families (AP) from the general population served as the control group. During the study, we assessed the motor status of the children, all other comorbidities, and collected sociodemographic data. ’

Hungarian, WHO and expanded international (IOTF) body mass index standards were used to assess the nutritional status of the patients studied. We assessed the risk of comorbidities, severity of motor impairment, and sociodemographic factors on body composition.

Results:The average body weight and height of CP patients are lower than those of children without CP. Normal body composition can be detected in only 53% of patients, while thin, emaciated body composition accounts for about 40%. In the case of very low weight (SGA) and Stunted body composition (body composition that is deficient in both weight and height), the rate of comorbidities multiplies. Sociodemographic factors did not influence body composition.

In the quality of life examination according to weight category and BMI, both parents and children generally assessed their quality of life and movement as lower. We saw the least difference in the normal weight and BMI categories.

Conclusions:We can state that in the case of Cerebral Palsy, nutrition is mostly determined by the severity of the disease.

The pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)

2025-04-16T12:00:05+02:00

Abstract:

Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a rare systemic vasculitis affecting small and medium-sized vessels, characterized by eosinophilia, asthma, and granulomatous inflammation. The disease can affect multiple organs, particularly the lungs, skin, kidneys, nervous system, and heart. The pathophysiology of EGPA is complex and is marked by a T-helper 2 (Th2) response, overproduction of interleukin-5 (IL-5), and eosinophilic inflammation. Clinical diagnosis and monitoring of disease activity are conducted through laboratory tests and imaging procedures. New biologic therapies, especially IL-5 antagonists, have significantly improved treatment outcomes and the prognosis for patients. This paper provides a detailed discussion of the disease's pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and treatment options.

DEFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NEONATAL AND INFANTILE JAUNDICE

2025-05-29T09:02:42+02:00

Introduction

Jaundice, medically known as icterus, is a common symptom among newborns and infants, characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. In full-term, otherwise healthy newborns, jaundice is the most frequent reason for hospital readmission. (3,9) Although in most cases it is a physiological process that resolves spontaneously, underlying pathological conditions—some of which may require urgent medical attention—can also be present. Accurate differential diagnosis is crucial to ensure timely recognition of potentially serious disorders, such as hemolytic diseases, metabolic disorders, or other abnormalities affecting the liver or bile ducts. The aim of this publication is to provide a comprehensive overview of the various forms of jaundice, their pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and appropriate treatment strategies.(4,9)

Fertőzések okozta intrauterin gyulladás: a fenyegető koraszülés és koraszülés immunbiológiája

2025-07-08T14:41:45+02:00

Preterm birth affects more than 15 million pregnancies annually and remains a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy involves a tightly controlled maternal immune response that requires a delicate balance between effective host defense against potential infection and maintaining tolerance to the foreign fetus. The vaginal microbiome, due to its anatomical location near the uterus, is a potential source of colonization and development of the fetal microbiome. In the presence of a highly diverse microbiome, such as in bacterial vaginosis, an increased risk of infections, spontaneous preterm birth, and pelvic inflammatory disease has been observed. These bacteria have been shown to induce a strong intrauterine inflammatory response, leading to preterm birth. Microbiological studies of amniotic fluid suggest that approximately 25% of all spontaneous preterm births are associated with infection.

Intrauterine infection is also associated with adverse neonatal outcomes, which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Due to abnormal epigenetic effects, premature infants are at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes in adulthood. The local microbiome, along with the mucosa-associated immune system of the cervix, also participates in the defense against infections. The endocervical canal is an anatomical and immunological barrier against ascending infection. If this barrier is damaged, the risk of ascending uterine infection increases, as bacteria can penetrate the uterine cavity. A successful pregnancy requires a finely regulated cooperation between the fetal-placental tissues and the maternal immune system. In the event of an intrauterine infection disrupting this sensitive cooperation, miscarriage, premature birth, failure of fetal development, or even the development of other pregnancy complications must be expected. Maternal bacteremia and transplacental transfer can also cause intrauterine infection. In intrauterine infection, the most common cells involved in the local inflammatory response are neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, and to a lesser extent T cells, B cells, and NK cells. Based on their pharmacokinetics and broad coverage of bacteria typically found in amniotic fluid, the recommended antibiotic regimen is clarithromycin, ceftriaxone, and metronidazole.