Multidiszciplináris Tudományok

Introduction of the Water Management of the Jászság Basin, Hungary

Julianna Mekker, Péter Szűcs, Zoltán Püspöki — h, 04 máj 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The Jászság Basin in Northeastern Hungary presents a complex interplay of geological, hydrogeological, and anthropogenic factors that significantly affect water resource sustainability. Surrounded by karstic and volcanic formations, the basin’s sedimentary aquifer systems are sensitive to both natural and human-induced stressors. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the region’s lithostratigraphy, hydrogeological structure, and historical water management practices, including the impacts of lignite mining and water abstraction. Long-term groundwater monitoring reveals declining trends, particularly in intermediate and deep aquifers, disconnected from surface water systems. Birinyi Edina’s drought model identifies the Jászság as one of Hungary’s most vulnerable areas for both drought and inland excess water, emphasizing the need for spatially targeted planning. Correlation analyses confirm limited vertical recharge and emphasize the fragmented nature of the monitoring network. The findings underscore the urgent need for high-resolution hydrological data, enhanced legal reporting, and integrated management approaches. The Jászság Basin thus serves as a representative case for addressing lowland groundwater challenges under increasing climate and extraction pressures.

Cd Te félvezető határfelületi tulajdonságainak kísérleti meghatározása

Szabó Szilvia, Bokányi Ljudmilla — h, 04 máj 2026 00:00:00 +0200

A globálisan növekvő mennyiségű elhasznált fotovoltaikus napelem jelentős környezeti és gazdasági problémát jelent, ezért az újrahasznosításuk fejlesztése kiemelt fontosságú feladat. Bemutatjuk a kristályos szilícium és vékonyrétegű napelemeket, ezek közül kiemelve a CdTe napelemek újrahasznosítási lehetőségeit, a mechanikai, termikus és kémiai eljárásokat. Ezek a lehetőségek a kritikus fémek visszanyerésének módszereire adnak áttekintést. A kutatás során a flotációs technológiát vizsgáltuk, amely a CdTe és az üveg határfelületi tulajdonságainak vizsgálatán alapul, a zéta-potenciál meghatározásával, különböző pH és tenzid koncentrációk mellett. A kísérletek során a megfelelő gyűjtőreagensek kiválasztása történt meg, amelyek elősegítik a CdTe és az üveg hatékony szétválasztását. Az eredmények alátámasztják a flotációs technológia alkalmazhatóságát az elhasznált napelemek anyagának hatásos és gazdaságos visszanyerésére, hozzájárulva a körforgásos gazdaság kialakításához.

EMC immunity measurements in applied industrial settings

Ildi Bölkény, László Godó — p, 02 okt 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The basic requirement for the reliable operation of modern electronic devices is electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), which focuses on the examination of the proper operation and interaction of electrical devices with each other, in this case we examine the interference tolerance (immunity) against radiated radio frequency field strength. This article presents the measurement, requirements for equipment used in commercial and residential environments, with particular attention to the requirements of the MSZ EN IEC 61000-4-3 standard. The analysis covers the different field strength test levels, the frequency ranges between 200 MHz and 1 GHz, and the use of anechoic chambers and special antennas essential for the measurement. The study details the measurement process from the generation of interference signals to the functional verification of the equipment under test (EUT). The aim of the summary is to provide developers with a comprehensive overview of the standardization processes and the methodology for successful conformity tests.

Multichannel distribution strategies in the european cookware industry

Nóra Eszter Babják, Noémi Hajdú — p, 02 okt 2026 00:00:00 +0200

This study analyses the multichannel distribution strategy of Groupe SEB Central-Europe Kft., a leading cookware manufacturer in Hungary, focusing on its four channels: online and offline direct-to-consumer (DTC), business-to-business (B2B), and indirect wholesale/retail. The research combines secondary data with five semi-structured expert interviews to assess channel structures, operational roles, and strategic trade-offs in the context of changing European cooking habits, generational patterns, and post-COVID e-commerce growth. The findings show that indirect retail – especially electro specialist partners – still generates most of the revenue, while the online DTC channel records the fastest growth, reflecting wider digital disintermediation trends. Persistent channel conflicts arise around pricing, portfolio allocation, and the tension between manufacturer-led DTC expansion and long-term retailer relationships. The paper concludes with strategic recommendations, including artificial intelligence (AI)-based customer service, live commerce, and data-driven inventory management, highlighting their potential to support more resilient, efficient, and consumer-centric distribution systems in the European cookware sector.

Combined effect of pre-strain and ageing treatment on the tensile- shear strength behaviours of Al6082 aluminium alloys joined by clinching

Abdulhakim Shukurea Rahmato, Péter Zoltán Kovács — p, 02 okt 2026 00:00:00 +0200

Clinching is the joining process in which two or more materials are joined by plastic deformation without the use of consumable parts. Therefore, it has no effect on the components’ weight. Nowadays, most vehicle industries use this technology. When joining Al6082 aluminium alloys in the as-received condition by clinching, the joint cannot be formed due to the material’s poor formability compared with other aluminium alloy series. Therefore, solution heat treatment (SHT) is performed on the sheet to increase the material’s ductility before joining. Additionally, a pre-strain is applied to the sheet before joining, since most car components are pre-strained during stamping, stretching, or forming processes, thereby introducing internal strain. Therefore, this study investigates the combined effect of pre-straining and post-clinching ageing on tensile-shear energy absorption and failure during the clinching of Al68082 sheet. The results show that as the post-clinching time increased, the joint’s tensile-shear and energy absorption increased. Additionally, the sheet’s pre-strain before joining affects joint strength. A fully neck-crack failure mode is observed in all combined effects. The study highlights that the combined effect of pre-strain and post-clinching ageing significantly affects the structural integrity of the clinched joint.

What criteria can be established for the development of a sustainable supply chain?

Tamás Faludi — szo, 03 okt 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The utilization of renewable energy sources and the intensification of efforts aimed at reducing environmental burdens constitute fundamental prerequisites for the preservation of the Earth and its ecosystems. These considerations have become increasingly embedded at both societal and economic levels, leading to growing expectations within the business sector for the adoption of so-called “green technologies”, particularly in the context of logistics operations. Such technologies, process reconfigurations, and methodological innovations often require substantial capital investment, which not all firms are capable of undertaking. For these companies, outsourcing represents a viable strategic alternative. This study focuses on the outsourcing of green logistics activities. Its primary objective is to develop a comprehensive set of criteria that facilitates the selection of logistics service providers offering environmentally sustainable logistics solutions. The main contribution of the paper is a weighted scoring model that enables the objective comparison and ranking of green logistics service providers based on a predefined set of environmental and operational performance criteria. This approach support decision-makers in navigating complex outsourcing scenarios by enhancing transparency and rationality in the evaluation process.

New materials candidates for new-generation nuclear power plant applications

Afshin Ghanaei, Márton Benke, Antoine Guitton — szo, 03 okt 2026 00:00:00 +0200

The global population, currently around 7 billion, is projected to reach 10 billion by 2050. Meeting the growing energy demand is essential for improving quality of life and socio-economic development requires accessible and sustainable energy sources. Traditional fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas pose serious environmental challenges and are not viable long-term solutions. A transition to cleaner and more efficient energy sources is critical to mitigate the impacts of global climate change. Nuclear energy, which emits no greenhouse gases, offers a promising alternative while other renewable technologies continue to evolve. In this context, MAX phases—a class of thermodynamically stable nano-laminated ceramics—are being explored for their potential use in nuclear reactors, particularly in fuel cladding applications due to their resilience in extreme environments.