Strategic Issues of Northern Hungary

Statistical analysis of the long-run relationship between regional integration and convergence, the European Union and integration theories

Barna Szabó — 2025-07-23

Since the mid-twentieth century, the development of the world economy has been driven by integration processes in several dimensions. According to some integration theories, the intensive and free flow of goods, services, capital and labour creates conditions similar to those of domestic economic relations, ultimately leading to convergence. European Union (EU) policy makers are trying to increase convergence and reduce divergence within the framework of a predefined regional policy. The objective of this paper, on the other hand, is not to analyse the policy of reducing regional disparities, but to statistically examine the relationship between regional integration and convergence across EU Member States within the longest time frame allowed by the methodology used. In our research, we have used a novel indicator (ITLS and CEW) to measure each of these two variables.

Modeling the Impact of Economic Interventions on Mobility Sustainability: A Multidimensional Approach

Máté Zöldy — 2025-07-23

Economic instruments provide an opportunity to influence the sustainability of mobility positively. It is important to understand the distribution of mobility forms in terms of functional space use and individual and social utility to understand the effects of applying economic instruments. Economic instruments affect social utility by influencing individual decisions based on the technical characteristics of functional space use. This paper explores these relationships, which can help determine where and to what extent currently preferred economic instruments have an impact. The model allows for identifying areas where the use of financial instruments is expected to have significant utility. This article presents the details and internal connections of the developed four-dimensional model. The created model is a suitable tool for more accurately assessing the effects of economic instruments in the future.

General supply chain and healthcare supply chain specificities, as well as outpatient path management in Hungary

Andrea Kelen — 2025-07-23

The healthcare supply chain differs significantly from industrial supply chains due to its focus on human life and health. This necessitates time-sensitive, high-quality, and traceable logistics. It involves multiple stakeholders—manufacturers, distributors, providers, and patients—making it inherently complex. To improve efficiency and resilience, innovative solutions are required. The goal is to offer actionable strategies for a more effective, transparent, and equitable healthcare system. Emphasis is placed on digital tools to address structural issues and enhance care delivery. The study examines digital approaches such as blockchain, automation, and data-driven decision-making. Blockchain enhances traceability and authenticity, while automation improves inventory control and reduces errors. In Hungary, the system struggles with underfunding, workforce shortages, and regional disparities. Digital initiatives like EESZT aim to improve coordination, yet challenges like low digital literacy persist. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted global supply chain vulnerabilities but also accelerated digital transformation. The study focuses on Hungary’s unique challenges, integrating theory and data to uncover inefficiencies and propose improvements. Findings confirm that modern technologies can significantly improve healthcare quality and sustainability.

A Review of China’s High-Speed Trains versus the US and UK’s

Zsofia Nguyen — 2023-07-23

This comprehensive review paper explores the impacts of China's leading position in developing high-speed trains compared to the US and UK. The study uses multiple research papers to present insights into the development of high-speed trains across Japan, France, Germany, and China as a role model and to draw lessons for countries that follow. The main findings have suggested that government support contributed significantly to the development of these countries’ high-speed train networks. But in contrast, politics in Britain and the United States were divided and inconsistent, making the development of this transport industry problematic, overdelays, and uneconomical.

Smartening up a Developing City: Smart City and Urban Big Data Development Challenges in Tehran

Mahla Shojae Anari — 2025-07-23

Urban big data holds great potential for transforming the way cities are managed, providing insights that can optimize urban systems and improve quality of life. However, harnessing this potential requires overcoming significant challenges, particularly in developing countries like Iran. These challenges include insufficient infrastructure, fragmented data systems, financial constraints, and issues related to data privacy and security. This study aims to highlight the importance of urban big data in smart city management and identifies the key obstacles that must be addressed to enable its effective use. By understanding the unique challenges faced by cities in developing countries, this research aims to contribute to the development of strategies that can leverage urban big data for smarter, more sustainable cities.

Investigation of relationships between entrepreneurial attitude and business performance in regional comparison

Lajos Kasza — 2025-07-23

In my study I give an overview of the interrelationships between entrepreneurial attitudes, which have a major impact on the performance, economic and social perception and success of enterprises. In the literature review, I define entrepreneurship as an economic unit as defined by researchers in the field, and I interpret entrepreneurial attitudes, raising the issue that its regional analysis is far from simple, and its interpretation is complicated. I present my independent research on the impact of entrepreneurial attitudes on family entrepreneurship based on the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2021-2022-2023. I will explain in detail the methodological issues, such as the source of data, the sample of the analysis, formulate research questions, outline my analytical approach and the statistical methods used for the research.

The impact of investments on the economic performance of Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county in relation to the 2014-2020 European Union development cycle

Boglárka Bánné Gál — 2025-07-23

In my study, I examined the territorial dimensions of Hungary's economic performance between 2013 and 2021. The choice of the time interval was based on a conscious methodological choice. The evaluation of the EU development cycle 2014-2020 requires knowledge of the economic situation before that period, so it was justified to choose 2013 as the starting year. This year can be considered as a record of the situation prior to the allocation of development funds, which provides a basis for an objective assessment of the economic situation prior to the interventions. The year 2021 was used as the upper limit for the period under consideration, as it already partly reflects the economic impact of the investments of the 2014-2020 development cycle. EU funds often have a multi-stage, longer-term impact on the local economy, so a timeframe beyond one year is necessary to measure results (ESF, 2018). Thus, analysing the period up to 2021 provides an opportunity to examine the after-effects of the funds in more detail and to capture structural changes.