Introduction of the Water Management of the Jászság Basin, Hungary

Absztrakt

The Jászság Basin in Northeastern Hungary presents a complex interplay of geological, hydrogeological, and anthropogenic factors that significantly affect water resource sustainability. Surrounded by karstic and volcanic formations, the basin’s sedimentary aquifer systems are sensitive to both natural and human-induced stressors. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the region’s lithostratigraphy, hydrogeological structure, and historical water management practices, including the impacts of lignite mining and water abstraction. Long-term groundwater monitoring reveals declining trends, particularly in intermediate and deep aquifers, disconnected from surface water systems. Birinyi Edina’s drought model identifies the Jászság as one of Hungary’s most vulnerable areas for both drought and inland excess water, emphasizing the need for spatially targeted planning. Correlation analyses confirm limited vertical recharge and emphasize the fragmented nature of the monitoring network. The findings underscore the urgent need for high-resolution hydrological data, enhanced legal reporting, and integrated management approaches. The Jászság Basin thus serves as a representative case for addressing lowland groundwater challenges under increasing climate and extraction pressures.