How to prevent damages of transporting pipeline girth welds?

Abstract

Girth welds of hydro-carbon transporting pipelines play important role of the life and the lifetime, during both the construction and the operation. In consideration of the huge number of girth welds, the highlighted attention to those is worthy and necessary. The aims of the article are twofold: on the one hand, collecting the influencing factors on the failures of girth welds; on the other hand, answering the question assumed in the title of the article: how to prevent damages of transporting pipeline girth welds? The answers build upon the demonstrated influencing factors, using examples, and systematically respond to those.