Interpretation of the right to be heard in the European Court of Justice in proceedings for psychological harassment

Abstract

In the last two decades, the Court of Justice of the European Union has had the opportunity to interpret the concept of psychological harassment and the closely related right to be heard in practice in more than 30 cases. However, the case-law cannot be considered to be entirely uniform. This study presents a case in which the General Court and the Court of Justice have interpreted the relevant EU law in completely different ways. The Court's judgment confirmed that the right of the victim to be heard in cases of psychological harassment cannot be interpreted restrictively.