Russia’s “Soft Power” in Georgia’s Political-Economic Sphere: Historical Dynamics and Contemporary Realities

Eka Lekashvili; Ketevan  Mukhiguli

doi:10.18096/TMP.2026.01.03

Authors

Eka Lekashvili Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9781-7620
Ketevan Mukhiguli Georgian Institute of Public Affairs (GIPA) https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5665-6474

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18096/TMP.2026.01.03

Keywords:

“Soft Power”, Georgia, Russia

Abstract

This study analyzes the instruments of Russia’s “soft power” influence in Georgia’s political-economic sphere. The analysis spans the period from the dissolution of the Soviet Union to the present. Particular emphasis is placed on the tools activated by Russia following the onset of its full-scale war in Ukraine in 2022. Drawing on leading academic and research literature, the paper evaluates the outcomes of these instruments' implementation in Georgia. It also explores Joseph Nye’s concept of “soft power” and its evolution within the context of contemporary international relations. The study presents conclusions regarding the effectiveness and consequences of Russia’s soft power mechanisms in Georgia’s political-economic landscape. Historically and currently, Russia’s key soft power levers include cultural ties, the notion of unity based on language and Orthodox Christianity, economic tools, and informational influence. Finally, the paper offers perspectives on strategies for addressing the challenges posed by these influences.

Author Biographies

Eka Lekashvili, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University

Associate Professor

Ketevan Mukhiguli, Georgian Institute of Public Affairs (GIPA)

Associate Professor

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